CAm? Essentially repudiating the 1857 Dred Scott decision, the amendment clearly states that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. It provides for due process and equal protection under the law. What was the purpose of the Freedmens Bureau? The central question of Reconstruction was how to reunite a badly divided country fractured by four years of civil war. In Grants opposition to the Tenure of Office Act (passed during Johnsons term in 1867), which required Senate approval of all presidential appointments and dismissals, many believed that Grant evinced the kind of political fortitude necessary to set things aright. D 7. Much of the legislation enacted in the name of racial equality was to be undone in the coming years by rulings coming from the Supreme Court (Plessy v. Ferguson, The Civil Rights Cases, etc.) The carpetbaggers, so named because of how they travelled light with inexpensive luggage made of fabric, were largely a benign group of Northern Republicans seeking a fresh start in the South (despite Southern Democrats fears to the contrary). Instead, Johnson focused primarily on putting Union-loyal white leaders in place in Southern statehouses. The sharecropping model left many tenant farmers in such dire straits that it was nearly impossible to break free from their economic shackles. In February 1868, after months of investigation, the House voted to impeach the president, largely on the grounds that Johnson had violated the Tenure of Office Act in firing Edwin Stanton. To provide African Americans access to government services, To desegregate Southern society and institutions, To restrict the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force, To repeal the slave codes that were in place before the war. Grant was nearly universally revered by the time of his death in 1885. For the most part, women were unsuccessful in their own fight for voting rights. There were those who used their positions for exploitation. one of the closest races in American history. What tactics were used? The Aftermath of Reconstruction kcP`?=xI87eC{+Fj*?ya TQSCQIf@*$ quizlet.com H6 Reconstruction i. Established in March 1865, the Bureau had provided blacks in the South with material assistance, schools, and guidance in settling on abandoned land. Reconstruction quiz 1 Flashcards | Quizlet After completing both sections of the worksheet, the group should discuss what they have learned about their topic through the interactive and the document. WebReconstruction was a significant chapter in the history of civil rights in the United States, but most historians consider it a failure. Would he or she feel anger over, anything? accomplished nothing, it was almost never enforced. In this There was no profit for workers. Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. Complete the sentence in a way that shows you understand the meaning of the italicized vocabulary word. Where did most black Americans live in 1900? What happened to white small farmers during this time? Lincoln's plan was the easiest, and the Radical Republican Plan was the hardest on the South. President Ulysses S. Grant presided over the waning days of Reconstruction. WebIdentify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. 2. Who was the Republican leader in the House? Presented to the Capitalists and People of the Central and Northern States, by Bannister, Cowan & Company, Group E: Excerpt from Albert T. Morgan, Yazoo, Or, On the Picket Line of Freedom, 1881. WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region It required that 50 percent of a state's voters take the oath of allegiance and demanded stronger safeguards for emancipation than Lincoln's as the price of readmission. follow the worksheet and think about how this person would feel about Reconstruction. While it could be used in a derogatory way, it did notin every casesuggest racist attitudes or carry the stigma that it does today. Women still could not vote. WebCompare and contrast the Reconstruction plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and the Radical Republicans. At the end of the day, what did it mean to be an American, and whose rights were deserving of the full protection of the U.S. government? The Reconstruction Era was a transformative period in U.S. history that took place during the Civil War era. Fear of black rule. "waving the bloody shirt" reminded the voters of Grant's war victory. _Rd~HYzA?NMDDJHojx,zZ gk3pi:A2!I,8X^78ZrT]RruNx6 What was the Civil Rights Act of 1875? They gave land to the railroads. %%EOF endstream endobj 119 0 obj <>stream Chapter 4.4: Reconstruction Flashcards | Quizlet the amendment stating that all people born in the US have the same rights and are all born equal under the law. Who did the Fifteenth Amendment formally grant the right to vote in 1870? The term was used derisively by white Southern Democrats who opposed Reconstruction legislation. What legal loopholes did Southerners create to resist African American equality? The 15th Amendment became an unenforced dead letter by the late nineteenth century. These research assistants will evaluate a series of documents (which in this activity will substitute for live interviews) representing a variety of views concerning the direction of Reconstruction policy regarding voting rights and the impact these views had or should have had on the politics of the nation. Each document corresponds to one of the five Topics in the After Reconstruction section of the interactive. There were many reasons for the unpopularity of Congressional Reconstruction in the South. And Failures Of The Reconstruction Era The EDSITEment-reviewed sites Digital History and Documenting the American South offer a wide variety of documents concerning the effects of Reconstruction on the newly freed black population and Southern society, in general. from your Reading List will also remove any It is the year 1877 and, in the wake of the election of Rutherford B. Hayes, Union troops finally have been recalled from the South. blacks could vote and hold office. Much of the South lay in ruins with Once each convention's elections were held for governor, state legislators, and members of Congress, the states would be readmitted to the Union. Also, this page requires javascript. A large number of immigrants and African Americans were given voting rights. quizlet Finally, History Matters offers helpful pages on "Making Sense of Maps.". This meant that the huge majorities Republicans then enjoyed were, so to speak, operating on borrowed time. CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. It required former Confederate states to include a ban on slavery in their state constitutions. Losing the Civil War meant that the South would have to conform to the laws of the United States. bookmarked pages associated with this title. about the italicized questions to help you form your answers/opinions. The Presidential Plans (Lincoln and Johnson), the Congressional (Radical Republican), and then Military control (Military Reconstruction Act - South broken down into 5 military districts), Communication des organisations - section 3, Lincoln's vs. Johnson's Plans for Reconstruct, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Civil War, Reconstruction and Old West Review. Because of doubts about the constitutionality of the new Civil Rights Act, the congressional Joint Committee on Reconstruction drafted the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. One thing students might consider, for example, is how the devastation of war and the slow pace of efforts to recover from that devastation kept the South in a subordinate economic position in comparison to the faster growing cities of the North. beOai4sA 'aKjlNa )u1d[I{4{[ @vKZtQUGm1)V8'. The states could enter the Union if they promised they would ratify the Fourteenth Amendment within five years. 12-17 Written Guided Reading Assignment, Principles of Microeconomics Group Assignment.docx, Website-Resume-Student-Checklist-2017.pdf, Express v to show or make known a feeling an opinion etc by words looks or, Consistent with the culture of the Employer you will be expected to present a, The turn based rules were as follows 2 Moves and 1 Explore in any combination If, Points 00 40 Points A Choice A B Choice B C Choice C D Choice D Part 11 of 25 40, QUIZ QUES Institutions can be understood as a regular patterns of behaviour that, L2 Molecules of Life interactive notes_2022 (1).docx, Launching_a_Redesign_of_University_Princ.pdf, Question 34 In an address in 1983 President Reagan referred to the Soviet Union, A 22 year old woman comes to her primary care physician because of an 8 week, Basic Statistics and creating the control chart .pdf, Apply the Nursing Care plan on the client described in the Clinical scenario state the Assessment Diagnosis Planning Intervention Rationale Evaluation You are working as a Labor and Delivery Nurse at. How did the Amnesty Act of 1872 change Southern politics? He told the southern states to reject it. `cw]}{(ugeFo, +mKk.]{g~S^NWs0znS`~Zm%,Kw~vBY5_oLx|? HU=s0+E{r\Ivtv($ *]L0/ u-HKX~9T Analyzing Primary SourcesThis lesson involves using a number of primary source documents authored by a variety of people; some were highly educated, others were less so, and still others were recently freed slaves who were barely literate. until early 1900's they still mostly lived in the south. Who had been his early political supporters? Use the links above to research more about each aspect of Reconstruction, List the name of your character on the worksheet. Gp}1:qr +sWg" ^8u1k^l2GPt%,}cAZwf? 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. Sharecropping practices kept many African Americans in working conditions that werent a significant improvement over slavery. Workers would be given a modest home, supplies, and a small portion of land to farm for personal use in exchange for also farming the landowners land. Locate the vocabulary word gesticulation in the text. Republicans regained a substantial number of voters who had previously been denied voting rights due to unproven war crimes. %%EOF When the groups have completed their worksheets and concluded their discussion, the teacher, as Committee chairman, should lead the groups in brief presentations to the class (the Congressional Committee) highlighting their findings. He believed that there would be no benefit to punishing southern states. What did the 15th Amendment accomplish ? What was the premise behind the sharecropping model of agriculture? With an interactive map that combines statistics with the thoughts and ideas of people living through this difficult period, students will consider the ways in which efforts at recovery were either successful or disappointing. Conclusion: The Effects of Reconstruction - Course Hero a person from the northern states who went to the South after the Civil War to profit from the Reconstruction. Congress was divided among Radical, Moderate, and Conservative Republicans and Democrats. Again, there were many reasons for the poor government in the South, including violence and sabotage from groups like the Ku Klux Klan and the racial animosity that inspired them, a general unwillingness to accept the political and social implications of equality under the law, and a lingering deep resistance to the idea of the supremacy of the Constitution and Union to state and local authority in matters of national significance. At every step, Congress intervened and put laws in place that circumvented and, in some cases, limited the Presidents authority. Removing #book# wealthy plantation owners and Confederate officials. white violence, KKK, terrorizing blacks and those who supported them so they wouldn't vote. In that compromise, Republican Rutherford B. Hayes won a tight race for the Presidency with just one electoral voteon the condition that all federal troops be removed from the South and a southern Democrat be named to his cabinet. Yes, a few. What synonym clue shows up in the next paragraph? Atticus G. Haygood (then President of Emory University), Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain, February 17, 1868 during the South Carolina Constitutional Convention, Excerpt from Senator Carl Schurz of Missouri, Excerpt from a Speech from Richard H. Cain. When duly elected black representatives were expelled from the Georgia legislature, Georgia once again fell under military rule. What was the congressional response? This helped to shape the national political debate for generations. Reconstruction strategy that was based on severely punishing South for causing war. *SY(u% 9 If loading fails, click here to try again. More punitive actions against the South, Lincoln felt, would only make it harder to heal the divided nation. a white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit. During Reconstruction, Johnson did not believe there was anything to be gained by promoting equal rights for African Americans. Select all that apply. e17bZVXrKW@]snp/bAb Ff# 4} GoBEeNoh,:XDlU@? 1&f<6a&wX5:(mIt%`}o"0`PVi>r#7e^2F+Y{\p^W What tactic was used? While some historians see Reconstruction as both success and failure, Foner takes an unequivocal stance that Reconstruction was not at all successful. He cites several reasons in support of his opinion economic and political, as well as social. it was now all white corruption so did not attract as much attention. What connections do you see between the realities in Latin America and South Africa? Lincoln "pocket-vetoed" this bill by refusing to sign it after Congress had adjourned. was the purpose of the Ku Klux Klan? The passage of the 14th Amendment and Civil Rights legislation were great victories for the advocates of equality under the law. endstream endobj 113 0 obj <>stream In this sense Reconstruction failed not because of President Grant or even because of southern opposition to civil rights, but because an entire nation--North, South, and West--lost the political and moral will to support the cause of equality before the law. Ex. He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union, He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union, He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union. The thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendment were created during the twelve years of rebuilding the country. To help African Americans, particularly those who had been enslaved, adjust to life with increased rights and responsibilities, To ensure that white voters supported anti-slavery laws and policies. This lesson plan will explore the social, economic and political conditions of the United States as Reconstruction drew to a close in the years leading up to the Compromise of 1877.